affirmative action

noun

: the use of policies, legislation, programs, and procedures to improve the educational or employment opportunities of members of certain demographic groups (such as minority groups, women, and older people) as a remedy to the effects of long-standing discrimination against such groups

Note: Affirmative action gives limited preference to qualified groups (which may include racial and ethnic minorities, women, older people, people with disabilities, and some veterans) in job hiring, admission to institutions of higher education, the awarding of government contracts, and other social benefits.

The term affirmative action was … used in an executive order issued by President Johnson in 1965, which banned all federal contractors and subcontractors, as well as unions involved in federal work, from practicing employment discrimination.

—Michael L. Levine

Unlike previous measures, such as the Civil Rights Acts of 1964 and 1965, which prohibited discrimination, the goal of affirmative action was to adopt a proactive approach to redressing past discrimination. It goes beyond the prohibition of overtly racist practices by requiring employers, public contractors, and college admissions officers to cast a wider net in their searches for qualified workers and students through active recruitment of racial minorities.

—Shirley J. Yee et al.

Examples of affirmative action in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web

Push for Greater Socioeconomic Diversity at Elite Universities The Supreme Court’s ruling on affirmative action in 2023 sent shockwaves through higher education. —Christopher Rim, Forbes, 1 Jan. 2025

Following the Supreme Court’s decision on college affirmative action, the number of resolutions about DEI programs receiving a vote at corporate annual meetings rose appreciably, to 25 through May this year from 13 in 2023, according to the Conference Board. —Michael Hiltzik, Los Angeles Times, 1 Jan. 2025

Companies pull back on DEI commitments as pressure from lawmaker attacks and conservative activists mounted, and fear of lawsuits in the wake of last summer's Supreme Court ruling that struck down affirmative action in higher education grew. —Hope King, Axios, 30 Dec. 2024

What's New The number of Black students starting Harvard Law School this fall dropped significantly following the Supreme Court's decision striking down affirmative action in college admissions, according to enrollment data released this week. —Dan Perry, Newsweek, 17 Dec. 2024

Word History

First Known Use

1961, in the meaning defined above

Kids Definition

affirmative action

noun

: the use of laws, policies, and programs giving limited preference to qualified minority groups and women to improve educational and employment opportunities as a remedy to the effects of long-standing discrimination

Legal Definition

affirmative action

noun

: an active effort (as through legislation) to improve the employment or educational opportunities of members of minority groups or women